Cardiology

Cardiology is a branch of medicine that diagnoses and treats defects and diseases of the cardiovascular system. Cardiologists specialize not only in the treatment and diagnosis of congenital and acquired heart defects but also in blood vessel pathologies, including hypertension or atherosclerosis. In the process of diagnosing and treating diseases not directly related to the heart muscle, such scientific disciplines as neurology, angiology and pulmonology overlap.

Cardiology fields

• non-invasive cardiology, which focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases without interfering with the structures of the body;
• invasive cardiology, which allows the treatment of cardiovascular diseases without opening the chest;
• pediatric cardiology, which deals with the diagnosis and treatment of heart disease in children and adolescents;
• cardiac surgery aimed at surgical treatment of the heart, including, but not limited to, heart transplants, pacemakers, etc.

What diseases does a cardiologist treat?

The specialist is engaged in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of diseases such as:

• angina pectoris;
• heart rhythm disturbances;
• ischemic heart disease;
• aneurysms;
• arrhythmias;
• hypotension;
• hypertension;
• congenital and acquired defects;
• heart attack, etc.

A systematic and timely visit to a specialist is a normal practice. A timely visit to a specialist could save about 200,000 patients.

Be sure to consult a cardiologist for advice if you have the following symptoms:

• heavy sweating;
• a rapid increase in body weight;
• soreness in the chest area;
• heart rhythm disturbances;
• dizziness;
• exhaustion;
• strong heartbeat.

If you have diabetes mellitus, you also need to consult a cardiologist. The arising violations of contractions of the heart muscle, rhythm lead to arrhythmias. The definition of disturbed rhythms depends on the place of their origin. Distinguish between sharp increases, incorrect, extraordinary contractions. If they are found, you should undergo a comprehensive examination to identify violations.

Currently, various methods are used for examination; they are prescribed by a specialist. Often people in old age perceive the manifestation of heart disease as age-related changes in the body, which is wrong. If you have painful sensations, you should consult a cardiologist for consultation.

The main symptoms include high arterial and intracranial pressure, strong pulsation in the heart, tremulous state, hypothermia, which is accompanied by a violation of the heart rhythm.

Unfortunately, in the XXI century, there is a global rejuvenation of many diseases, in particular, cardiovascular diseases. After 40 years, it is necessary to attend preventive examinations once a year.

Treatment methods

• EchoS, transesophageal echocardioscopy, probing of the cardiac cavities, daily monitoring of ECG and blood pressure, stress tests, stress imaging techniques (stress echocardiography, myocardial perfusion scintigraphy with stress);
• Assessment of viable myocardium, respiratory function with the study of lung volumes and alveolar diffusion;
• Doppler ultrasound of the vessels, angiography and coronary angiography with possible ventriculography, multispiral computed tomography of the heart vessels, MRI of the heart.

All the possibilities of highly equipped clinical, biochemical, immunological, cytological and bacterial laboratories are also used. For the treatment of patients with persistent arterial hypertension, the cardiology department uses a new minimally invasive technique of radiofrequency denervation of the renal arteries.